A common complication of chronic kidney disease(CKD) is anemia. Anemia in CKD is typically normocytic, normochromic, and hypoproliferative. The most known cause is the decreased production of Erythropoietin by the damaged kidney. Aside from EPO deficiency, what else contributes to the anemia of CKD? Numerous studies suggest that circulating uremic-induced inhibitors of erythropoiesis contribute to the anemia. Shortened red blood cell survival also contributes, as demonstrated by radioisotope labeling studies. Nutritional deficiencies, such as folate and vitamin B 12 , due to anorexia or dialysis losses are currently not common with the routine use of supplementation in hemodialysis patients. CKD patients have increased iron losses, estimated at 1–3 g per year in hemodialysis patients, due to chronic bleeding from uremia-associated platelet dysfunction, frequent phlebotomy, and blood trapping in the dialysis apparatus. CKD patients also have impaired dietary iron absorption. In
Comments
Post a Comment